Written by Kal McLane, Conservation Coordinator at Friends of Grand Rapids Parks
An invasive species is a non-native species and whose introduction harms or is likely to harm the environment, human health, or the economy. The economic damage, found in a 2021 study by NeoBiota67 (link to study), estimated that invasive species have cost North America over $26 billion annually since 2010.
Are all non-native species harmful?
Many non-native species in Michigan, including fruits, vegetables, livestock, and domestic animals, are essential to our economy and lifestyle. Most non-native species are not harmful and may provide economic benefits. Non-native species are deemed invasive when they harm native species by outcompeting them by reproducing and spreading rapidly in areas where they have no natural predators. This can change the balance of ecosystems we rely on, like forests, rivers, and lakes.
How did they get here?
- Some exotic pets and plants escape or are released into the wild and adapt to local conditions.
- Insects that arrive from abroad in wood packing materials and wood products have caused irreparable damage to native trees and forests, such as Emerald Ash Borer.
- Some species now classified as invasive were intentionally brought to the U.S. as biological controls for other invasives; others were introduced as game or food species.
How do they spread?
- Oak wilt spores and emerald ash borer larvae have been transported throughout Michigan on firewood.
- Invisible to the naked eye, zebra mussel larvae and many invasive aquatic plants have spread from one lake to another on watercraft and trailers.
- Garlic mustard has spread along many roadsides and forest trails with the assistance of cars, plows, ATVs, bikes, and hikers.
- The spotted lanternfly is moving across the U.S. by laying eggs on vehicles traveling through infested areas.
What can you do?
- Identify and report! Learn how to spot invasive species and help report at Michigan.gov/Invasives
- Clean your gear! After spending time recreating outdoors, remove mud, debris, and plant material from vehicles, clothing, and any used gear before going to your next destination.
- Be mindful of firewood! Always purchase firewood at or near your destination and burn it all. Do not travel with firewood.
- Volunteer! Connect with us or other local conservation groups and outdoor organizations to find volunteer opportunities for invasive species removal in your neighborhood. You can learn the best management practices for invasive species on your property. Check out our Eco-Stewardship volunteer opportunities here!
